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Get your Local Web Development Environment Up & Running on macOS Sierra
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Download Updated Versions: XAMPP Version 7.4.6 for OSX XAMPP Version 7.3.18 for Mac XAMPP Version 7.2.31 for Mac XAMPP is quite attractive package for Mac users, because of it being Lightweight software, simpler GUI and inclusion of Number of tools/ features with it. This is a complete package which is easy to easy install, configure. The platform supports both MAC and Windows operating systems. For the FTP Server, it gives Pure-FTPd for the MAC systems and FileZilla for the Windows operating systems. The most significant part of the AMPPS PHP web server is that it makes you focus more on the web apps rather than bothering about their maintenance.
With Apples’ new macOS Sierra now in public beta, here is how to get the AMP stack up and running on the new macOS. This tutorialwill go through the process on getting Apache, MySQL, PHP (or otherwise known as the ‘AMP’ stack)and phpMyAdmin running on the new mac OS Sierra.
This tutorial sets up the AMP stack in more of a traditional way using the loaded Apache and PHP and downloading MySQL and phpMyAdmin.
Setting Stuff Up
Apache/WebSharing
Web serving is possible via the inbuilt Apache app, it is installed ready to be fired up.
This needs to be done in the Terminal which is found at /Applications/Utilities/Terminal
For those not familiar with the Terminal, it really isn’t as intimidating as you may think, once launched you are faced with a command prompt waiting for your commands – just type/paste in a command and hit enter, some commands give you no response – it just means the command is done, other commands give you feedback.
Using the prefix of sudo is required for commands that have their applications protected in certain folders – when using sudo you will need to confirm with your admin password or iCloud password if set up that way…. lets get to it….
to start Apache web sharing
to stop it
to restart it
To find the Apache version
The Apache version that comes in macOS Sierra is Apache/2.4.23
After starting Apache – test to see if the webserver is working in the browser – http://localhost – you should see the “It Works!” text.
If you don’t get the localhost test, you can try troubleshooting Apache to see if there is anything wrong in its config file by running
This will give you an indication of what might be wrong.
Document Root
Document root is the location where the files are shared from the file system and is similar to the traditional names of ‘public_html‘ and ‘htdocs‘, OSX has historically had 2 web roots one at a system level and one at a user level – you can set both up or just run with one, the user level one allows multiple accounts to have their own web root whilst the system one is global for all users. It seems there is less effort from Apple in continuing with the user level one but it still can be set up with a couple of extra tweaks in configuration files. It is easier to use the user level one as you don’t have to keep on authenticating as an admin user.
System Level Web Root
– the default system document root is still found at –
http://localhost/
The files are shared in the filing system at –
User Level Root
The other web root directory which is missing by default is the ‘~/Sites’ folder in the User account. This takes a bit longer to set up but some users are very accustomed to using it.
You need to make a “Sites” folder at the root level of your account and then it will work. Once you make the Sites folder you will notice that it has a unique icon which is a throwback from a few versions older. Make that folder before you set up the user configuration file described next.
You have to make a few additional tweaks to get the ~/Sites folder back up and running.
Sites Folder
Add a “username.conf” filed under:
If you don’t already have one (very likely), then create one named by the short username of the account with the suffix .conf, its location and permissions/ownership is best tackled by using the Terminal, the text editor ‘nano‘ would be the best tool to deal with this.
Launch Terminal, (Applications/Utilities), and follow the commands below, first one gets you to the right spot, 2nd one cracks open the text editor on the command line (swap ‘username‘ with your account’s shortname, if you don’t know your account shortname type ‘whoami‘ the Terminal prompt):
Then add the content below swapping in your ‘username’ in the code below:
Permissions on the file should be:
If not you need to change…
Open the main httpd.conf and allow some modules:
And make sure these modules are uncommented (the first 2 should already be on a clean install):
Whilst you have this file open also to get php running uncomment. (Mentioned also in the PHP part of the article).
And also uncomment this configuration file also in httpd.conf – which allows user home directories.
Save all your changes (Control + O in nano)
Then open another Apache config file and uncomment another file:
And uncomment:
Save all your changes (Control + O in nano)
Restart Apache for the new file to be read:
Then this user level document root will be viewable at:
http://localhost/~username/
You should only see a directory tree like structure if the folder is empty.
Override .htaccess and allow URL Rewrites
If you are going to use the web serving document root at /Library/WebServer/Documents it is a good idea to allow any .htaccess files used to override the default settings – this can be accomplished by editing the httpd.conf file at line 217 and setting the AllowOverride to All and then restart Apache. This is already taken care of at the Sites level webroot by following the previous step.
Also whilst here allow URL rewrites so your permalinks look clean not ugly.
Uncomment in httpd.conf – should be uncommented on a clean install.
PHP
PHP 5.6.24 is loaded in the build of macOS Sierra and needs to be turned on by uncommenting a line in the httpd.conf file.
Use “control” + “w” to search within nano and search for ‘php’ this will land you on the right line then uncomment the line (remove the #):
Write out and Save using the nano short cut keys at the bottom ‘control o’ and ‘control x’
Reload apache to kick in
To see and test PHP, create a file name it “phpinfo.php” and file it in your document root with the contents below, then view it in a browser.
MySQL
The macOS Sierra Public Beta’s didn’t play well with MySQL 5.7.x, but these issues are now resolved by using MySQL 5.7.16
MySQL doesn’t come pre-loaded with macOS Sierra and needs to be dowloaded from the MySQL site.
The latest version of MySQL 5.7.16 does work with the public release of macOS.
If you already have MySQL 5.7 and you have upgraded OS from El Capitan to Sierra I expect that to be ok, but will be interested if anyone comments on that.
Use the Mac OS X 10.11 (x86, 64-bit), DMG Archive version (works on macOS Sierra).
If you are upgrading from a previous OSX and have an older MySQL version you do not have to update it. One thing with MySQL upgrades always take a data dump of your database in case things go south and before you upgrade to macOS Sierra make sure your MySQL Server is not running.
When downloading you don’t have to sign up, look for » No thanks, just take me to the downloads! – go straight to the download mirrors and download the software from a mirror which is closest to you.
Once downloaded open the .dmg and run the installer.
When it is finished installing you get a dialog box with a temporary mysql root password – that is a MySQL root password not a macOS admin password, copy and paste it so you can use it. But I have found that the temporary password is pretty much useless so we’ll need to change it straight away.
You are also told:
If you lose this password, please consult the section How to Reset the Root Password in the MySQL reference manual.
Change the MySQL root password
Note that this is not the same as the root or admin password of macOS – this is a unique password for the mysql root user, use one and remember/jot down somewhere what it is.
Stop MySQL
Start it in safe mode:
This will be an ongoing command until the process is finished so open another shell/terminal window, and log in without a password as root:
Change the lowercase ‘MyNewPass’ to what you want – and keep the single quotes.
Start MySQL
Starting MySQL
You can then start the MySQL server from the System Preferences or via the command line.
Command line start MySQL.
To find the MySQL version from the terminal, type at the prompt:
This also puts you in to a shell interactive dialogue with mySQL, type q to exit.
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After installation, in order to use mysql commands without typing the full path to the commands you need to add the mysql directory to your shell path, (optional step) this is done in your “.bash_profile” file in your home directory, if you don’t have that file just create it using vi or nano:
The first command brings you to your home directory and opens the .bash_profile file or creates a new one if it doesn’t exist, then add in the line above which adds the mysql binary path to commands that you can run. Exit the file with type “control + x” and when prompted save the change by typing “y”. Last thing to do here is to reload the shell for the above to work straight away.
You will get the version number again, just type “q” to exit.
Fix the 2002 MySQL Socket error
Fix the looming 2002 socket error – which is linking where MySQL places the socket and where macOS thinks it should be, MySQL puts it in /tmp and macOS looks for it in /var/mysql the socket is a type of file that allows mysql client/server communication.
phpMyAdmin
First fix the 2002 socket error if you haven’t done so from the MySQL section-
Download phpMyAdmin, the zip English package will suit a lot of users, then unzip it and move the folder with its contents into the document root level renaming folder to ‘phpmyadmin’.
Make the config folder
Change the permissions
Run the set up in the browser
http://localhost/~username/phpmyadmin/setup/ orhttp://localhost/phpmyadmin/setup/
You need to create a new localhost mysql server connection, click new server.
Switch to the Authentication tab and set the local mysql root user and the password.
Add in the username “root” (maybe already populated, add in the password that you set up earlier for the MySQL root user set up, click on save and you are returned to the previous screen.
(This is not the macOS Admin or root password – it is the MySQL root user).
Make sure you click on save, then a config.inc.php is now in the /config directory of phpmyadmin directory, move this file to the root level of /phpmyadmin and then remove the now empty /config directory.
Now going to http://localhost/~username/phpmyadmin/ will now allow you to interact with your MySQL databases.
To upgrade phpmyadmin just download the latest version and copy the older ‘config.inc.php‘ from the existing directory into the new folder and replace – backup the older one just in case.
Permissions
To run a website with no permission issues it is best to set the web root and its contents to be writeable by all, since it’s a local development it shouldn’t be a security issue.
Lets say that you have a site in the User Sites folder at the following location ~/Sites/testsite you would set it to be writeable like so:
If you are concerned about security then instead of making it world writeable you can set the owner to be Apache _www but when working on files you would have to authenticate more as admin you are “not” the owner, you would do this like so:
This will set the contents recursively to be owned by the Apache user.
If you had the website stored at the System level Document root at say /Library/WebServer/Documents/testsite then it would have to be the latter:
Another easier way to do this if you have a one user workstation is to change the Apache web user from _www to your account.
That’s it! You now have the native AMP stack running on top of macOS Sierra.
How to install and configure Apache, MySQL and PHP on Mac OS X 10.7 Lion and OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard.
OSX 10.8 Mountain Lion VersionOSX 10.9 Mavericks Version
Apache and PHP already come preloaded in OS X 10.7 Lion and 10.6 Snow Leopard, the versions on 10.7 Lion are PHP 5.3.6 and Apache 2.2.20, these 2 pieces of Open Source software are part of the “AMP” stack with MySQL the missing third component.
Their are other options for Mac users to install an AMP stack using prebuilt point and click downloads including the following, MAMP, DAMP, XAMPP and BitNami – these installations use separate binaries outside of the regular OS X software so no conflict occurs and it makes it easier to delete the stacks without affecting other parts of the operating system.
However sometimes you need to configure these with different port numbers and this can lead to issues and there is the question of vendor support and application versions.
This tutorial bypasses the 3rd party AMP stacks and uses the native installed components with the exception of MySQL which is a separate install, unless you have OS X Server, which then MySQL comes preloaded in 10.6 but not 10.7 which has dumped MySQL in favour of PostgreSQL instead – you can still install MySQL on 10.7 Server with the instructions below.
To get Apache, MySQL and PHP running natively on OSX is quite easy and straightforward – this guide should have you up and running in no time.
This guide uses the command line to achieve some text editing of various configuration files, however If you aren’t comfortable in the Terminal you can do this in a graphical mode, download a free text editor utility call TextWrangler, launch it, when you come to edit one of the configuration files, open file, you have to click on “show hidden items” at the bottom of the open dialog box to see all of the system files. But you will still need to use the terminal for some of the commands which don’t involve editing files.
PHP
You can verify your version of PHP by launching the Terminal application, as found in the Utilities folder: /Applications/Utilities/Terminal
To find the PHP version, type at the prompt:
And the version is displayed:
To find the Apache version, type at the prompt:
And the version is displayed:
So far so good, however by default PHP is not enabled and has to have its module loaded you need to make a simple edit in the Apache configuration file “httpd.conf” file. This is filed in /etc/apache2/httpd.conf, get there in the terminal by typing:
Then in the terminal you need to use a text editor either “vi” or nano” will do, this file also has stricter permissions so the “sudo” command needs to be used to edit the file, you will need to be an admin user to have permission to change the file, type:
and then your password.
Once in nano click “control+w” to get a search dialog, type “php” and this will bring you to the php module line:
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Uncomment out the hash # to leave it like:
enable php module in nano
Finally type “control + x” to exit and when prompted save the change by typing “y”
MySQL
So now onto the 2nd piece of the puzzle, MySQL. You need to download it from http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/, chose Mac OS X ver. 10.7 (x86, 64-bit), DMG Archive for an Intel Mac the .dmg file is a point and click installation nice and easy, you can download the tar.gz also for a command line install. The easiest format is the .dmg file as it allows for an installation visually using the GUI.
When downloading you don’t have to sign up, look for » No thanks, just take me to the downloads! – go straight to the download mirrors and download the software from a mirror which is closest to you.
After download open the .dmg and install:
- mysql5.6.xxx.pkg
- MySQLstartupitem.pkg
- MySQLPrefPane
The first is the MySQL software, the 2nd item allows MySQL to start when the Mac is booted and the third is a System Preference that allows start/stop operation and a preference to enable it to start on boot.
- Installation of MySQL
Once the installs are done you can start the mysql server right from the System Preferences which has a new preference in the “Other” category called “MySQL” click start and now it is running.
mysql-system-preference-osx
To find the MySQL version from the terminal, type at the prompt:
This also puts you in to an interactive dialogue with mySQL, type q to exit.
If you got the error:
then mysql was not started, go back to the System Preference and start the database.
After installation, in order to use mysql commands without typing the full path to the commands you need to add the mysql directory to your shell path, this is done in your “.bash_profile” file in your home directory, if you don’t have that file just create it using vi or nano:
and then add:
The first command brings you to your home directory and opens the .bash_profile file or creates a new one if it doesn’t exist, then add in the line above which adds the mysql binary path to commands that you can run. Exit the file with type “control + x” and when prompted save the change by typing “y”. Last thing to do here is to reload the shell for the above to work straight away.
Then test the path by just this time issuing the mysql command without the full path:
You will get the version number again, just type “q” to exit.
The next step is to set up a root password for mysql there are 2 ways to do this one is a regular way and the other provides additional security and disables all other access:
Regular Way
If you have set the path correctly as above:
!use the single quotes
Then when logging in to mysql:
!NB the no space between -p and the password
Securer Way
Go ahead and just hit enter if this is a new installation and no password currently exists, follow the prompts to set up a new root password – this is a root password just for mysql separate from the root password of OS X you should set this.
You also get asked about:
- Removing anonymous users?
- Disallow root login remotely?
- Remove test database and access to it?
- Reload privilege tables now?
If this is a new installation you can just answer yes to the questions.
Once the root user and password is set, you have to interact with mysql with the username and password, so access via command line is (note that there is no space between -p and the password):
So thats the two components installed with MySQL having a System Preference option to Start/Stop the database.
Apache
You can start/stop the Web Server Apache in the System Preferences under Sharing and checking the WebSharing box. (Sometimes you may have to toggle it on/off a few times to get it going).
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web-sharing-turned-on
This can also be accomplished in the terminal using:
Or restart the web server gracefully using the following:
Once you start your server the there are 2 x document root folders for sharing, one is a top level and the other is user account specific:
and
You should see a “It Works!” or a OSX welcome page depending on which document root you are at, in the finder these locations are found at your Sites folder in your home folder for local user:
/Users/username/Sites/
or at the higher level
/Library/WebServer/Documents/
At the user level in Lion 10.7 you may need to create the personal web sharing folder first, do this through System Preferences > Sharing > Web Sharing and click “Create Personal Website Folder” if it is created this will say ” Open Personal WebSite Folder”
The final thing to verify is that PHP is loaded and ready to go by creating a new text file, has to be plain text (use TextEdit) and typing in:
Save the file as phpinfo.php and save it to the Sites folder in your home directory. Now point your browser to:
You should see the full PHP configuration page. If you just see the code restart the web server to make sure the php module is loaded.
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- php-module-configuration
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That’s it you are ready to develop and share!
The only difference between 10.6 and 10.7 are some incremental version numbers on Apache and MySQL otherwise the process is the same for both operating systems.
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To get up and running with mysql and use phpMyAdmin to manage the mysql database, there is a guide here.
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Then look at installing WordPress, Drupal and Joomla!!!